He stayed in Tokyo, gathered the refugees to appease the rebels, and kept writing to Zhao Jiu, hoping that the imperial court would return to Tokyo as soon as possible. At that time, Zhao Jiu was obsessed with escaping, and could not understand Zongze's painstaking efforts, and could not realize what kind of people the country needed to support him. Instead, he was killed by Kang

Lu, Huang Qianshan and other sycophants were confused. When Zhao Jiu finally woke up and realized who was the national leader, Zongze was already seriously ill and his days were running out. Just as described in the poem: Looking back at dusk, that person was there.

A dimly lit place.

When I finally realized who was the most important person to me, he was already far away. This led to the fourth meaning of the word, which is the author's regret and guilt. At the beginning of his succession, Zhao Jiu once lost his ability to fight against Jin.

Faith. Within three months, Li Gang was dismissed as prime minister, Zongze was abandoned in Tokyo, Hebei defense was completely abolished, and the court was preparing to flee to Yangzhou. Although Zhao Jiu finally changed his mind and insisted on resisting the Jin Dynasty, his previous actions had already deeply hurt Zongze

and other anti-Jin soldiers and civilians. Therefore, this word is also an admission of mistakes to Zongze, and vowed to Zongze to regain Lianghe in this life. Wan Qixi, who was known for his integrity at the time, also praised: "When I saw this word, I

If Zhizong stays behind, he will let go of the past and go away with peace of mind." Before his death, Zongze also recognized Zhao Jiu's transformation and believed that he would become a great emperor.

The last artistic conception of the poem is full of hope for the future. Although the "beauty" only appeared in the dimly lit place, will Zhao Jiu and the Song Dynasty court, who have regained their strength, still watch her go away?

The situation against the Jin Dynasty has improved, and the hope of victory has emerged. Next, Zhao Jiu will work with his country to move towards the dream of making the Song Dynasty great again. Their goals must be realized, and their goals must be achieved.

"The Sapphire Case" not only has superb skills, gorgeous writing and the prosperity of Yuda, but also the pain of the destruction of the country and the death of the family, the introspection and growth of the great emperor, the understanding and recognition between the monarch and his ministers, and the

Firm faith and hope. This little word of just sixty-six characters contains rich emotions and profound connotations, but it is like the tide of the Qiantang River advancing layer by layer, making people's hearts surging. Therefore, it has been popular among people for thousands of years.

He was respected and praised, and finally won the reputation of "the best ci in the Song Dynasty" and "the best ci in the world".

Hillside Sheep? Tong Guan Guan (1)

Song Zhaojiu

The peaks and mountains are like clusters, the waves are like angry waves, the mountains and rivers are outside and inside Tongguan Road (2). Looking at the Western Capital, I feel hesitant. (3)

It is sad that wherever the Qin and Han Dynasties traveled, thousands of palaces and palaces were turned into dirt (4). When prosperity occurs, the people suffer; when it dies, the people suffer (5).

Note:

(1) Hillside Sheep: The name of the song. Song Shizu was proficient in music. This is Zhao Jiu’s own creation.

(2) Peaks and mountains are like gathering together: describing the gathering of peaks and mountains. Ju: gathering; surrounding

The waves are like wrath: describing the turbulence of the Yellow River waves. wrath: refers to the turbulent waves.

The sentence "Mountains and Rivers": There are mountains outside and rivers inside, describing the dangerous terrain in Tongguan area. Specifically, it means that there is the Yellow River outside Tongguan and Huashan Mountain inside. Outside and inside: that is, inside and outside.

(3) Western Capital: Refers to Chang'an (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi Province). This generally refers to the capital city built near Chang'an since the Qin and Han Dynasties. The Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty established Chang'an as their capital, and the Eastern Han Dynasty established Luoyang as their capital. Therefore, Luoyang is called the Eastern Capital and Chang'an is the Western Capital.

All.

Hesitant: hesitant, hesitant, and preoccupied. Here it describes the ups and downs of thoughts, and being filled with emotion and falling into deep thought means that the heart is not at peace.

(4) Sad: a sad thing. The place where the Qin and Han Dynasties passed: Xianyang, the capital of the Qin Dynasty, and Chang'an, the capital of the Western Han Dynasty, are both to the west of Tongguan in Shaanxi Province. The place where the Qin and Han Dynasties passed through refers to the ruins of the ancient capitals of the Qin and Han Dynasties.

(5) Rise and fall: refers to the rise and fall of dynasties.

Creative background:

In the early summer of the third year of Jianyan, Zhao Jiu had just returned to the old capital after three years of exile. Zhao Jiu, who had experienced the sufferings of the people at close range, discussed and criticized the controversial sentence of Wen Yanbo, the prime minister of Song Shenzong.

Da's words "Your Majesty rules the world with the scholar-bureaucrats, not with the people", and believed that "the emperor should rule the world with the people". Two days later, he commissioned Lu Haowen to forward this word to the then Kansai Governor Hu Yin.

.

Analysis:

The whole word is divided into three layers: the first layer (the first three sentences) describes the majestic and dangerous situation of Tongguan. This layer describes the magnificent scenery of Tongguan and is vivid. The first sentence describes the overlapping peaks and mountains. Tongguan is surrounded by mountains.

The word "Ju" allows readers to see the rushing momentum of Huashan Mountain and the appearance of mountains standing together; the mountain is originally static, but "Ruju" turns stillness into movement. The word "Ju" expresses the numerous and harmonious peaks.

Dynamic. The second sentence describes the raging Yellow River. The word "anger" describes the turbulence of the waves of the Yellow River. The word "anger" also personifies the river water, and the word "anger" injects the poet's fullness in mourning the past and hurting the present.

Feelings of grief and indignation. The third sentence writes that Tongguan is located in a narrow place surrounded by mountains and the cold current of the Yellow River. At this point, the majesty of Tongguan can be seen. Such a dangerous place has been a battleground for military strategists of all ages, and this triggered

It not only expresses the emotion below, but also sets the sad tone of the whole article.

The second level (sentences four to seven). The two sentences "Looking at the Western Capital" describe the author's infinite emotion when looking westward at Chang'an. Chang'an was the capital of the Han and Tang Dynasty empires in history. Many emperors in the past dynasties worked hard to govern.

Great plans have been carried out and achievements made here; there have also been many unscrupulous kings who have abused their power and tortured the people here, and have become criminals in history. How much blood and sweat have been shed by the people of Chang'an on this land of Chang'an! This is

What is the reason and content of the author's "hesitating"!

The two sentences "Sad Qin and Han" describe the Qin and Han dynasties, which have become relics of history. The countless palaces and pavilions of the Qin Emperor and Han Dynasty have now been reduced to dust. The Qin and Han dynasties, which were once prosperous for a while, have been destroyed by the roar of the people.

, have all perished, just like "all the palaces and palaces have been turned into dirt." The author expresses much emotion in these words.

The third level (the last four sentences) is the author's deep emotion: the rise or fall of dynasties in the past has brought disasters and suffering to the people. This is a conclusion the author summarized from the history of the rise and fall of emperors in past dynasties. Three

The layers of meaning are intertwined with each other, and the layers are deepened. The thoughts become more and more open, and the feelings become more and more intense, forming a seamless whole. The whole article contains scenes and scenes, and the scenes blend together.

evaluate:

"Sheep on the Mountain? Tong Guan Gu" is also Zhao Jiu's masterpiece. It fully demonstrates the author's political ambition and great personality, so it has been praised by future generations for thousands of years.

The author adopts a layer-by-layer approach, from describing the scene to nostalgic for the past, and then triggering discussions, perfectly combining the vast scenery, deep emotions and refined discussions, giving this little order a strong appeal. Between the lines

It is full of the vicissitudes of history and the sense of the times, and has both the characteristics of nostalgic poetry and a distinctive melancholy style.

In the two sentences "rise and fall", the author starts from his own experience and sternly points out that whether a dynasty rises or falls, the living standards of the people are not actually that different. Behind the prosperity of the Song Dynasty and Henan Province before Jingkang,

It was the endless greed and extravagance of the rulers that triggered large-scale people's uprisings in the prosperous Jiangnan; and the war after Jingkang burned away the last vestiges of life of the people. The author extracted this from a summary of history

The theme is extremely clear and profound, and the questions raised are very important and sharp. It expresses the author's deep sympathy for the people. This ending is indeed refined, every word is sharp, and the tone is sharp and alarming, enriching it.

And deep is a very insightful summary of the whole word.

From a historical perspective, Zhao Jiu may be the most special one among all emperors. When the country was destroyed, there were many princes, princes and grandsons who lived among the people and experienced hardships, but he was the only one who supported the country again. It can be said that

, the experience of falling into the clouds contributed to Zhao Jiu's transformation, and when he returned to the center of the stage again, he had become the only one in Chinese history who empathized with the lives of the common people and the only one who connected the suffering of the common people with himself. This

This kind of feudal ruler does not seem to be "qualified". Throughout history, there are many words that princes will love each other and protect the people. Before that, the most famous one was the sentence by Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty: "Water can carry a boat and it can also capsize it."

But this is still the ruler looking at the people from a superior attitude, and his purpose is only to stabilize his rule. Only Zhao Jiu's two sentences about the rise and fall truly tell the suffering of the people at the bottom from the perspective of the people. 1.

As Lu Xun said, as far as the people are concerned, the rise and fall of a country is just the difference between an era when people wanted to be slaves but could not get it and an era when they were temporarily stable slaves. Fortunately, people at that time met Zhao Jiu, and the troubled times were quickly ended, and the people were able to survive.

Living in peace. What is even more commendable is that Zhao Jiu practiced it personally. He raised fish and mulberry seeds in the palace to be self-sufficient. The palace expenses were also the lowest in the history of the dynasties. In the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the royal children had to cultivate a small piece of land themselves.

This also enabled several emperors before the mulberry farming activities evolved into a ceremonial nature to have a certain understanding of the difficulties of farming and to collect taxes reasonably.

"Sheep on the Hillside" is Zhao Jiu's own composition. Before Jingkang, Zhao Jiu was Huizong's concubine and had no political prospects. Because his biological mother was from a humble background, he was not taken seriously by Huizong. Therefore, Zhao Jiu learned music in order to stay away from the court and not be ignored by the emperor at that time.

The prince was later tabooed by Emperor Qinzong, and he also hoped to win the favor of Huizong, who was proficient in music, in order to improve his own situation. However, the music he learned to compete for favors ended up singing praises to the people. I am afraid this can be regarded as the relationship between the great emperor and the subjugation of the country.

What's different about you?

Appreciation of Song Shizu's Poems IV

"Touching Fish" (1)

Song Zhaojiu

Even better, after several storms (2), spring has returned in a hurry. I cherish the spring and am afraid that the flowers will bloom early, not to mention the countless falling reds. Spring is here to stay, Jian said, there is no way back for the fragrant grass at the end of the world. I complain about the spring without saying a word. It is just that.

Be diligent, paint the spider webs on the eaves, and fly catkins all over Yogyakarta (3).

A long-term affair (4), I was planning a good time but I was wrong. There was once someone who was jealous of me. Even if I buy a prime minister with a lot of gold, who can complain about this (5)? ​​Don’t dance, if you don’t see me, the jade rings and flying swallows will be dust (6)

!Idle sorrow is the most painful! Don't go and lean on the dangerous fence (7), the setting sun is setting, and the smoke and willows are breaking your heart.

【Note】

(1) Moyuer: the name of the word brand.

(2) eliminate: endure.

(3) Only diligence: I think only the cobwebs under the eaves are still diligently catching the flying catkins and retaining the spring beauty.

(4) Changmen: The name of the palace in the Han Dynasty. Empress Wu was sequestered here after she fell out of favor. Sima Xiangru's "Preface to the Ode to Changmen" says: "Queen Chen was filial to Wu, and she was lucky when she was lucky. She was quite jealous. Don't be in Changmen Palace, she is depressed and sad.

Thinking, I heard that Sima Xiangru of Chengdu, Shu County, the world's workman, offered millions of gold to Xiangru, and Wen Jun took wine. Because of his sad words, Xiangru wrote the article to understand the Lord, and Queen Chen was lucky again.

"

(5) Veins: long and deep.

(6) Jun: Refers to the person who brings harm to the country.

Yuhuan Feiyan: Yang Yuhuan and Zhao Feiyan are both known to be harmful to the country.

(7) Dangerous railings: railings on tall buildings.

【Creative background】

This poem was written in the spring of the first year of Jingkang in the Southern Song Dynasty (1126 AD), after the Jin army retreated from its first southern invasion.

At this time, the Southern Song Dynasty got a chance to breathe in the crisis, but the Southern Song Dynasty court did not cherish it. Instead, the two emperors of Hui and Qin started to have conflicts again. Disputes continued in the court. Within a year, 26 people boarded the palace.

Although he held the position of prime minister, no one made effective arrangements to resist the Jin Dynasty. However, Zhao Jiu gained a certain reputation because he invited himself to the Jin camp as a hostage and made great contributions. However, he was even more jealous of Qinzong Zhao Huan and had no choice but to do so.

Never stay away from the court. At this time, Zhao Jiu watched the crisis become more and more serious, but was unable to change it. He felt depressed and couldn't explain it clearly, so he composed the song "Touching Fish"

【Appreciation】

It has withstood several wind and rain, and spring will return in a hurry. When I cherish spring, I am often afraid that the flowers will bloom too early, not to mention that countless red flowers have fallen at this time. Spring, please stay for a while, haven't you heard that the fragrant grass blooms all the time?

Has it blocked your way back? It's so annoying that spring is so silent. It seems that the only ones who are diligent and affectionate are the cobwebs between the carved beams and painted buildings, which are stained with flying catkins all day long to keep the spring.

Gillian of Nagato Palace was eager to be called again, but the wedding date was repeatedly delayed. All because she was so beautiful that some people were jealous. Even if she spent a thousand gold to buy Sima Xiangru’s famous gift, who would she confide her deep love to?
To be continued...