Zhu Hongsan's current development has entered a bottleneck. In later terms, productivity has restricted the development of production relations. Zhu Hongsan's army's strength can be said to be the best in Asia. In Europe, the individual combat capability is far higher than that of the European powers. This can be seen in a series of battles in Nanzhili some time ago.

Through perfect training, the new army armed with powerful weapons completely defeated the Qing army in the front. This could not be compensated by quantity. Just like in the late Qing Dynasty, more than 10,000 British and French coalition forces fought more than 200,000 Qing troops all over the ground; during the Gulf War, the United States paralyzed a country with only the air force. When the strength formed a generation gap, it would not take much effort to fight the low dimension at a high dimension.

But these are based on consistent productivity. Zhu Hongsan has a modern army, but his industry is still an ancient handicraft industry. The battle results in Nanzhili look very good, but behind them are the strong backing of tens of thousands of factories and millions of workers in Guangdong.

A battle would consume hundreds of tons of gunpowder, thousands of shells of various types, and countless bullets. After half a month of fighting in Nanzhili, the consequence was that Zhu Hongsan's weapons inventory was more than half, and all the gunpowder was shipped to Nanzhili. If the Qing Dynasty attacked Guangdong directly at this time, Zhu Hongsan would have no life to escape by boat.

Zhu Hongsan estimated that if Guangdong's population is under his control, the maximum number of troops can be provided is only 100,000. If it needs more, it will be equipped with cold weapons.

So now Zhu Hongsan’s focus is to develop new machinery to provide power and solve this semi-hand and semi-hydraulic production model. There are also new machinery, which is a big killer steam engine. The principle of this thing is very simple, just build a boiler, but the key is that this boiler must be strong enough to not leak air, which is really beyond the technological level of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Hongsan has finished drawings of the steam engine, using the Lancashire double-flue boiler invented in 1844, and was then widely used - after continuous design and minor material improvements, it served modern industry until the 20th century.

Lancashire boiler has a large capacity and can provide a stable steam flow. It is an atmospheric pressure boiler and cannot provide high-pressure steam. Therefore, it is relatively weak in evaporation power and is limited in use. However, its technology is simple and mature, and it is not difficult to manufacture. It is riveted with low-carbon steel plates or made of rolled iron plates. There is no problem with Zhu Hongsan's current production process.

The steam engine has been solved by solving the boiler problem. The first steam engine designed and manufactured by Zhu Hongsan is a horizontal steam engine. It is driven by a Lancashire boiler. The cylinder with a steam sleeve is located on the cast iron base. The chute and the base are cast in one piece and have holes drilled. The crank pin is connected to a suspended crankshaft plate, and the outer end of the crankshaft is supported by an independent bearing. The regulator automatically adjusts the degree of expansion according to the load of the machine. There are two main slide valves and expansion valves driven by eccentric wheels on the crankshaft. When the steam pressure is four kilograms per square centimeter and the rotation speed is 95 revolutions per minute, it can generate 50 horsepower.

Ideals are beautiful, but reality is skinny. Zhu Hongsan's first steam engine was designed very successfully, but during production, the production process of the Ming Dynasty dragged on, and so far, no practical steam engine has been produced, and most of them have less than a hundred hours of service life.

Later, Zhu Hongsan lost interest and left it to the craftsmen to tinker with it. However, it is not possible to have no new power source now. Zhu Hongsan decided this time to create a practical steam engine within half a year.

Zhu Hongsan looked at the order to mobilize troops in his hand and smiled bitterly. These guys said it simply. There were tens of thousands of people and ships at a glance. But he knew that Guangdong's production capacity had reached its peak now. But now there was no way, and he had to go to create difficulties without difficulties.

Zhu Hongsan picked up a red pen and signed his name on the order drafted by Zhang Jiayu, and asked Zhang Jiayu to hand it over to the cabinet for implementation.

Zhu Hongsan is now just a governor, and he is still using the cabinet system of the Ming Dynasty. In fact, this system is very similar to the prime minister system in later generations. The emperor is responsible for the general direction, and the chief minister of the cabinet leads the team to implement it. Zhu Hongsan also believes that this system is perfect and there is no need to change it. So it is completely used to make a wise man. What should the Ming Dynasty do now?

This has many benefits. The scholars and officials have no sense of strangeness at all and can handle government affairs very quickly. At the same time, the reasonable flow of officials from all over the country can also form cohesion. But this is just a cabinet. Zhu Hongsan, another strange institution in the Ming Dynasty, had not yet figured out what to do, that is the censor system.

This system has existed since ancient times. The Censor, one of the three Dukes, was established since the Qin Dynasty. It was the supervision agency of all officials in the country and was directly responsible to the emperor. By the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang inherited the old Song and Yuan system and established the Secretariat. In the sixth year of Hongwu, he began to divide the six departments of official positions, households, rituals, military, punishment, and engineering. The six departments of the Secretariat were initially established. It gradually became a certain after the twenty-fourth year of Hongwu. This became an important development of the supervision system in the Ming Dynasty.

The censor system in the Ming Dynasty was divided into two parts. One was that the censor of the Inspectorate focused on supervising officials and general agencies across the country. The second was that the six departments conducted counter-inspection supervision of the business of the six departments. The two were not affiliated with each other and could impeach each other. Each department had one officer (the seventh rank), one officer at the left and right (the seventh rank), and four to ten officers were given. Their duties were "constant attendants, advisers, revise the shortcomings, pick up the deeds, and inspect the affairs of the six departments and hundreds of officials." Because the six departments were the highest administrative department in the country, the six departments' supervision as their main responsibility was necessary for the emperor. The six departments' authority was similar to the censor, but their specialized business supervision required that the work was still in progress and correct their possible harms and eliminate possible losses.

The Ming Dynasty also had high requirements for the selection of this position. According to regulations, it was generally "a Jinshi and a Jinshi in each yamen, a scholar who had a salary of more than two years, a doctorate and a pro-official, and a county magistrate passed the examination for three years." At the same time, the Ming Dynasty also paid great attention to the assessment of the staff. The promotion and demotion of the seventh-rank small officials must be determined by the emperor. It can be seen that the Ming Dynasty set up a large number of censors, on the one hand, to safeguard the imperial power to prevent the domineering of the powerful ministers, and on the other hand, to strengthen the connection between the central and local governments, so as to facilitate the exercise of the emperor's power to all officials inside and outside.
Chapter completed!