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Three health school students in Gansu Province were diagnosed with COVID-19 after participating in nucleic acid sampling

On October 29, the Qinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported three cases of positive infections in the initial screening of **** nucleic acid test in Qinzhou District. They were diagnosed as **** confirmed cases by Tianshui People's Hospital. All three cases were students of Tianshui Health School, all 17 years old. The trip trajectory of the three people showed that they had participated in nucleic acid sampling volunteer services until the early morning, and some even all night.

Tianshui Emergency Rescue Association issued a letter of social assistance

On October 31, the Gansu Tianshui Emergency Rescue Association issued a social help letter: Dear caring people, Tianshui Emergency Rescue Association has been on the front line of the fight against the epidemic since the outbreak of the Tianshui epidemic, carrying out epidemic prevention and control work, disinfection in key areas and transportation of epidemic prevention materials. As of today, our rescue team has been working on the front line for 11 consecutive days, and the disaster preparedness materials have been basically exhausted. At present, due to the shortage of materials, our unit has seriously affected the relevant operations on the front line. We especially ask caring people, units and entrepreneurs for help in the society: medical protective clothing, medical foot covers, medical head covers, goggles, protective masks, n95 masks, disposable medical gloves, rubber gloves, disinfectant, alcohol, disinfectant fog machine and other epidemic prevention materials.

Shanghai Disney tourists need to do nucleic acid when leaving the park

Shanghai Disney Resort issued an important notice on the 31st saying that it had received a report from other provinces and cities that in order to cooperate with the epidemiological investigation of the epidemic of ****, tourists from Shanghai Disneyland and Disney Town stopped entering immediately. At the same time, all tourists who are already in the park need to undergo nucleic acid tests at the exit when leaving the park, and follow the requirements of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to undergo nucleic acid tests after 24 hours apart. After two negative nucleic acid tests, they will undergo 12 days of independent health monitoring.

Anhui Tongling added a new asymptomatic infection case abroad

On October 30, an asymptomatic infection case was found in Tongling City, Anhui Province. The asymptomatic infection was under centralized quarantine in Zhengzhou, the first place of entry. After the nucleic acid test was negative, he took the g1904 train 1 carriage 1 at 17:41 to arrive in Tongling. After a special train was transferred in a closed-loop manner, he took the car in Huainan, Huangshan, Hefei, Wuhu and other places in Anhui Province.

In recent months, explosions have occurred frequently in various places. On October 24, an explosion occurred in the laboratory of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. On the same day, a gas explosion occurred in a residential building in Wafangdian City, Dalian, Liaoning Province. On October 21, a gas explosion occurred in a community in Shenyang City, Liaoning Province.

The rescue and treatment of these sudden accidents and disasters involves a new discipline - emergency medicine.

As an expert of the medical treatment team of the National Health Commission, Lu Guozhong participated in the rescue work of catastrophic accidents such as the Tianjin Port explosion, the "3.21" particularly major explosion accident in Xiangshui, Jiangsu, and the Wenling tank truck explosion. He is also the leader of the expert group for the rescue of student wounded personnel in the China Southern Airlines explosion. "We waited for the injured in the hospital until the patient was sent to the hospital to participate in the treatment. From the accident site to the transfer of patients to the hospital, the mortality rate of the injured was very high, which is indeed a blank in the accident disaster."

"Why should I do emergency medicine? It is to move medical rescue and treatment forward and move the medical responsibility forward to the accident site." Lu Guozhong, director of the National Emergency Medical Research Center and chairman of the Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, told the "medical community".

On October 8, the National Emergency Management Center, in conjunction with the National Health Commission, established the National Emergency Medical Research Center based on the Emergency General Hospital. As the first national-level emergency medical research center, what mission does it undertake? To this end, the "medical community" interviewed Professor Lu Guozhong.

What is emergency medicine?

On December 7, 2017, Liu Zhongmin, director of Shanghai Oriental Hospital (Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University), led the establishment of the Disaster Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, aiming to study supporting medical and health rescue emergency plans for different types of disasters. According to a report by China News Network, industry insiders commented that this marked the establishment of China's Disaster Medicine discipline and the start of the disaster medicine industry.

In 2018, the State Council’s institutional reform was reformed and the Ministry of Emergency Management was established. According to the State Council’s institutional reform plan, the Ministry of Emergency Management integrated 13 emergency rescue responsibilities in different fields in the past 11 departments, including the fire management responsibilities of the Ministry of Public Security, the disaster relief responsibilities of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the geological disaster prevention and control of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the water and drought disaster prevention and control of the Ministry of Water Resources, etc.

Lu Guozhong told the "medical community" that emergency medicine emerged under the situation of "all disasters, big emergency response". "The purpose of emergency management and rescue is to put people first and life first. All disaster rescue revolves around the rescue of life, and all involve the participation of medicine."

According to him, emergency medicine, rescue medicine, disaster medicine, and emergency medicine are all related, but the scope is wider than the above disciplines. It is a new discipline system integrating medical care, teaching, scientific research, rescue and transformation. At the beginning of this year, after the Ministry of Emergency Management and the National Health Commission proposed to establish the National Emergency Medicine Research Center, the concept of "emergency medicine" was obtained by standardized definition and recognized by government departments.

Lu Guozhong, who served as the director of the Emergency Medical Research Center, has been engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of burn trauma for 37 years. He is the chairman of the Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. He has been the leader or deputy leader of the medical treatment expert group of the National Health Commission many times, and has participated in the medical rescue and treatment of emergencies.

According to Health Wuxi, in the past five years, Lu Guozhong has successfully organized the rescue of more than 20 batches of sudden batches of critically ill-hardened burn patients. In the 2014 "8.2" extremely serious aluminum dust explosion accident in Kunshan, 146 people died and 114 were injured, of which 35 extremely critically injured were sent to the Third Hospital of Wuxi where Lu Guozhong was located. His team successfully rescued 27 people, setting a record of the "five bests" that have the most patients admitted, the most injured, the most severe treatment pressure, the best treatment effect, and the lowest per capita cost.

Lu Guozhong discovered that before the establishment of the medical center, all fire rescue teams, including the forest fire rescue team, were not equipped with medical rescue teams. There were gaps in the rescue in the first aid, transfer, and transfer to the treatment base on site, which brought many cases of unsuccessful treatment.

According to data on the rescue of wounded people during the Armenian earthquake, the survival rate of wounded people who are rescued within 3 hours after the disaster can reach 90%; the survival rate will be reduced to 50% after more than 6 hours?

He told the "medical community" that when major accidents occur, the highest mortality rate is from the accident site to the hospital. "There is a medical participation throughout the process to ensure the change in our treatment success rate."

The core of the management concept of emergency medicine is to have zero blind spots and seamless docking on the line from the rescue site to the base treatment. The center will configure medical rescue teams in each rescue team in the future. At present, the General Hospital of Emergency has equipped the Chinese Rescue Team and the China International Rescue Team with more than 20 medical rescue teams to participate in the same team's expedition and rescue team.

Relying on the Emergency General Hospital to build

The predecessor of the Emergency General Hospital was the Coal General Hospital, and was approved to establish a National Mine Medical Rescue Center. It has rich experience in the treatment of mine casualties and the treatment of pneumoconiosis. In many severe and large-scale mine accidents across the country, the Emergency General Hospital dispatched emergency medical rescue forces, with a total of more than 20,000 injured people being treated, and the rescue success rate remained above 95%.

According to the official website, with the reform of government institutions, the hospital has been led by the Ministry of Coal Industry, the State Coal Industry Administration, the State Production Safety Supervision and Administration Bureau, the State Production Safety Supervision and Administration Bureau, and the Ministry of Emergency Management.

"The Emergency General Hospital serves the emergency management of the Ministry of Emergency Management, so an emergency medical center is established on the platform of the Emergency General Hospital." Lu Guozhong said. As early as March 2019, Huang Ming, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Emergency Management, pointed out that the Emergency General Hospital must clarify the emergency positioning, and the ultimate goal is to form a national emergency medicine center.

Lu Guozhong said that after the transformation, upgrading and transformation of the General Emergency Hospital, the characteristics and advantages of specialized hospitals will be more obvious. "Building a hospital closely around emergency factors is not only pneumoconiosis, but also the rescue of wounded people in various disasters. All disciplines involving disasters and accidents are the advantages and development of specialized departments in our hospital."

The medical rescue team of the Emergency General Hospital consulted for rescue team members. Image source: Official website of the Emergency General Hospital

Lu Guozhong told the "medical community" that a flood occurred in Zhengzhou, Henan in July this year. The Emergency General Hospital selected 20 people from orthopedics, general surgery, gastroenterology, obstetrics and gynecology to form a medical rescue team and a fire rescue team in the formation to solve the first aid problem of the wounded on the scene and also provide health protection to the firefighters in the system.

They and firefighters went deep into the communities and nursing homes surrounded by floods, provided medical treatment to the trapped elderly people in a timely manner, and transferred the injured to the Beijing emergency rescue station set up in the rear.

After soaking in sewage for a long time, the affected people were transported. Many rescuers suffered from dermatitis and eczema on their legs, and some had skin infections. Medical rescue team members of the General Hospital of Emergency Hospital protected local wounded during the day and conducted night inspections at the front-line rescue personnel's station at night. According to statistics, more than 260 fire rescue personnel were treated and more than 120 wounds were disinfected and bandaged.

Explore while building

The emergency research center of the Emergency General Hospital is not the first emergency medical research institution in China.

Established in June 2017, the Tianjin University Emergency Medicine Research Institute (formerly known as Tianjin University Disaster Medicine Research Institute) is the first research institution in China specializing in emergency medicine. It carries out graduate training in three directions: rescue medicine, preventive medicine undergraduates (preparation) and health emergency management, emergency aid and disaster medicine, and medical rescue equipment.

According to Xinhuanet, in 2020, West Lake University established an emergency medical research center to study the prevention and treatment of five major infectious diseases such as coronavirus, influenza, avian influenza, swine influenza, and bacterial microbial infection, focusing on the emergency medical construction of public health.

The national emergency medical research center will focus on emergency rescue work for two types of public emergencies, including natural disasters and accidents.

Official information shows that the National Emergency Medical Research Center is a national platform that integrates the construction of emergency medical resources and rescue systems, explores the establishment of an emergency medical discipline system integrating medical treatment, teaching, scientific research, rescue and transformation, and emergency medical resources and rescue forces network system integrating medical treatment, teaching, scientific research, rescue and transformation.

Lu Guozhong, who took over this important task, made a round trip in Beijing and Wuxi. In addition to the construction of the Emergency Medical Research Center, he also worked at the Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University.

The national emergency medical research center "constructs, explores, improves, and improves". After the document was officially approved, Lu Guozhong is working on a series of work, with the core being the construction of the "seven major tasks":

1. Emergency medical expert team building

Emergency medical rescue time is tight, the tasks are heavy, and the injuries are complicated. High-level experts from domestic clinical specialties will be brought together to participate in the decision-making. Lu Guozhong said that these experts will establish a multidisciplinary consultation and joint decision-making collaboration model that is compatible with emergency rescue, and participate in the formulation of strategic work plans.

At present, the high-level expert team includes 6-7 academicians including Academician Zheng Jingchen in disaster rescue, Academician Fu Xiaobing in trauma, Academician Zhang Yingze in orthopedics, Academician Shen Hongbing in public health, and Chairman of the Society of Burn, Severe Care, First Aid, Emergency, Orthopedics, and Neurosurgery.

On this basis, the Emergency General Hospital has a team of 50 rescue and treatment experts and a 200-person standby team.

2. Construction of emergency medical rescue teams

The rescue team is composed of specialized clinical backbones such as emergency emergency, severe illness, trauma, chemical prevention, and poisoning. They can rush to the disaster site as soon as possible for professional medical rescue.

3. Construction of emergency medical rescue network system

Lu Guozhong said that by establishing a national treatment and rescue network in a hierarchical manner, the "national-province-city-county" is linked at four levels. The Emergency General Hospital covers seven major geographical areas in the country, each area covers the lower provinces, municipalities directly under the central government, and each province covers the medical rescue of prefecture-level cities below. Emergency medical management is implemented in accordance with the responsibilities, concepts and systems of emergency medical treatment and rescue formulated by the Emergency Medical Center.

In addition, there are the construction of the "four major bases" of emergency medical rescue and treatment bases, the construction of emergency medical education and training bases, the construction of emergency medical rescue equipment system, and the construction of emergency medical research bases.

It is worth noting that the center will also be responsible for the training of the new profession "emergency medical rescuer", which is under approval by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. Judging from the actual needs, the rescue force gap is about 150,000 to 200,000. "Emergency medical rescuer" needs to learn main courses such as burn plastic surgery, bone muscle trauma, craniocerebral trauma, critical care medicine, chest and abdomen trauma, rehabilitation medicine, psychiatry and other main courses.

Regarding the next plan of the Emergency Medical Center, Lu Guozhong said that the recent discussion is being discussed and refined. "The overall goal is to truly achieve the national medical center platform through three years of construction, including clinical treatment, scientific research output and transformation, training of rescue team members and firefighters, and realizing the rescue network system. The task is still quite arduous, and we will move forward one goal a year."
Chapter completed!