Due to different regions and different folk customs in our country, many ethnic instruments with various varieties and unique characteristics have been produced. These ethnic instruments have become important tools for them to express and exchange their thoughts and feelings. The Chinese bamboo flute is a representative ethnic instrument.

Bamboo flutes have a history of more than two thousand years in our country. As early as the primitive society, people discovered that using bamboo by the river could be made into a tube and blown. At first, people called it "bamboo tube". Later, with the continuous development of productivity and the continuous renewal of production tools, this instrument was improved after a long period of continuous transformation and innovation by many folk artists, and gradually developed into a solo instrument that can not only accompaniment for other instruments, but also become a solo instrument that we are very familiar with and is deeply popular among the general public.

my country is divided into two major regions: north and south.

Due to the different folk customs and habits of these two regions, the melody characteristics of the music they played with bamboo flutes are also different. Northerners are relatively rough and generous. They use their breaths more vigorously when playing, and the melody they play is more lively, high-pitched, passionate and unrestrained. They often use bamboo flutes with higher sound areas, thinner tubes, shorter body, etc. Because they often accompanied northern Bangzi operas at the beginning, they are called "Bangdi". However, southerners are more tactful and use their breaths more steadily when playing. The melody characteristics of the music played are exactly the opposite of that in the north. They often use bamboo flutes with thicker flutes with longer body in the middle sound areas, such as c and d. Because they are often accompanied southern Kunqu operas, they are called "Qudi".

Therefore, the bamboo flute school in my country is mainly divided into two major schools: South and North, while the most popular one is the bamboo flute school.

Mr. Lu Chunling is one of the representative figures of the Southern School of Bamboo Flute. He has lived in a music-filled environment since he was a child, and often uses bamboo flutes to play music, thus expressing his love for music. The melody played by Mr. Lu Chunling is not only beautiful but also most of the solo bamboo flutes are created by him.

Such as "Six Boards of Middle Flowers", "Happy Song", "Flying Partridge", etc., these music are deeply loved by the general public.

Mr. Zhao Songting, another representative of the Southern School bamboo flute, is also like Mr. Lu Chunling. The music he created, such as "Three Five Seven" and "Orange Spring" are also very popular among the general public. Under their vivid interpretation, it not only drives the development of bamboo flutes in southern my country, but also makes these music popular throughout the country and become a representative bamboo flute player in China. Nowadays, under the leadership of many performers such as Lu Chunling and Zhao Songting, many young people have begun to learn to play the traditional Chinese national instrument - bamboo flute.

This not only pushed the bamboo flute in southern my country to the whole country, allowing it to go abroad and to the world, but also allowed the national music of our country to develop and promote national culture.

The popularity of the Nanpai bamboo flute is mainly related to its playing style. It also includes two aspects: its melody characteristics and performance skills. The Nanpai bamboo flute mainly includes C and D. The melody of these bamboo flutes is mostly beautiful and lyrical, and always gives people a relatively stable, smooth, small bridge and flowing water. Whether it is fast or slow, the difference in melody is not very big. In general, they are gentle, elegant, very tactful, and implicit. Each piece of music will have a main melody, which will unfold around this main melody, so that the entire main melody runs through the entire piece, like a stream with endless continuousness, sounding more unified and coherent.

The melody of the music played by the Nanpai bamboo flute is not only subtle and simple, but also the performance skills are also very delicate. It mainly includes four aspects: breath, fingers, tongue, and oral style. Breath is a very important performance technique and is also the most difficult to master. It requires the player's long-term basic exercise. First, the player should relax his whole body when inhaling and breathe in the most relaxed and natural way. Secondly, in the control of breath, the player should not only pay special attention to the clean timbre, so that the melody played is not weak or noisy. It should also be continuously based on the content of the music and the mood of the music.

Adjust the elasticity of the mouth, the rush and slowness of the breath, etc. to make the whole piece sound clear and the melody fluctuate, thereby improving the expressiveness of the music. It can not only play a strong tone, but also play a delicate and beautiful music; the most common southern music is "Zhenyin" also called "Qi Zhenyin" which is the sound wave played by the vibration of the breath. This kind of sound wave is relatively weak, and in order to better express a calm, quiet, and slow musical mood, it is generally used in long notes. This is more in line with the delicate and gentle personality characteristics of southerners.

The finger-based performance technique is to add different decorative sounds to the melody of the music.

It mainly includes "multiple sound", "double sound", "vibrato sound", "lift sound", etc. "multiple sound", "double sound", and "lift sound" should be fast, the movements should be clean and neat, and the time value of the main tone should not be occupied. The strength should generally be weak and not stronger than the strength of the main tone. It should be as weak as possible. Adding these decorative sounds can not only better express the content of the music, but also make the melody more delicate expression changes, playing a role in beautifying the melody of the music. "vibrato" requires the uniformity of the finger strength, speed, and time value. The speed and number of times of the trembling must be determined based on the emotions and speed of the melody of the music.

The "vibrato" in southern music is generally light, slow and long. When it comes to expressing these decorative sounds, the movements of the fingers must be flexible and elastic. Each use of a decorative sound must be very clean and neat. The same decorative sounds in the same music must be uniform in speed and strength. The use of each decorative sound must be very natural in the music, and strive to give people a feeling of being multiplied but not messy, and seemingly unfamiliar.

"Specifically, playing the flute must first pay attention to correct posture. Naturally, first, have a straight instrument; second, it is necessary to adapt to the physiological characteristics of the human body itself, with postures and sitting postures. When playing the jing flute and a larger bass flute, you can also hold the flute with the lower end of the third section of the index finger of the left hand against the side of the thumb and the little finger. Use this method to hold the flute. When wiping the sound of the flying finger with the right hand, even if the three holes of the left hand are fully opened, the flute will not shake. In ensemble and accompaniment, the sitting posture is generally used. The sitting posture requires the same upper body and standing posture, and the height of the chair should be moderate to avoid hindering the blowing and breathing. It is best not to mount the legs when sitting, so that the legs are naturally separated to sit peacefully."

The senior sister who was responsible for guiding Jin Xiao explained some flute playing skills to him.

The flute skills are divided into six categories.

One is the sitting position, which is very important.

The second is breathing.

"The breathing during the play is different from the usual breathing. Because the amount of breathing during the play is large, you usually inhale with your mouth and nose to speed up speed. Inhalation is also divided into slow inhalation and fast inhalation. Generally, before the music starts and in slow performance and beautiful melody can be used. The inhalation is required to be full and sufficient, but do not inhale to the limit that you can't inhale anymore, so as not to tighten your muscles and cannot control it when playing. Fast inhalation is generally used between continuous spitting notes in a fast music and without a mark of ventilation mark.

The breath when playing is not exhaled naturally from the two nostrils and mouth, but from the gaps between the upper and lower lips, so the pressure formed by the contraction of the chest and abdominal muscles and the strong control of the cheeks and lips makes the breath blow the flute even, controlled and pressured columns.

Do not exhale to the limit of not being able to exhale again, so as to avoid tension and trembling of muscles. Instead, you should leave two parts of residual energy to facilitate rapid inhalation next time, so that the music can be played naturally and coherently. In order to increase lung expansion and make the breath more sufficient, you can usually insist on long-distance running, swimming and deep breathing exercises."

This senior sister is also an elite in the flute club and is proficient in Chinese and Western flutes. At the same time, she also has mastered the north and south styles in Chinese flutes, and she is very strong.

“After talking about breathing, let’s talk about the lip shape.

The mouth shape of a flute playing is directly related to the tone emitted by the flute. The same flute film has the same tightness, and the tone emitted by different mouth shapes is completely different.

The flute is played with air. It includes relaxing and opening the neck, throat and mouth when blowing and inhaling. Just like when yawning, the upper and lower lips are aligned so that the gap between the upper and lower lips passes is located in the center of the lips, the cheeks and the middle of the corners of the mouth, making it an oval shape. The upper lip is slightly forward and leans gently in the middle of the lower lip, covering about one-quarter of the blow hole by the lower lip.

When playing the flute, you must use a certain angle. Generally, the lips and the blowing hole are at a right angle of 90 degrees.

When playing, you can adjust the pitch by adjusting the angle between the lips and the blowing hole. If the pitch is less than 90 degrees, the pitch is less than 90 degrees, and the pitch is more than 90 degrees. Try to minimize the air leakage sound from the blowing hole to cut the air behind, so that the air entering the blowing hole is unobstructed and the flute is filled. In this way, you don’t have to worry about this. I will teach you how to play the flute in detail later.

In addition, the various movements of the tongue in the mouth during playing have various effects on the pronunciation of the flute.

The different retraction and release of the stratosus muscles of the tongue make the tongue bend and stretch in all directions. During the play, the alternating retraction and release of the stratosus muscles of the tongue make the tongue close and sometimes leave, which plays a "switch" role for exhalation, causing the exhalation to be intermittent, and the sound of the playing flute produces a musical effect of the music, such as singing sound, stacking sound, etc. The tip of the tongue uses the impact of the qi to elastically and opens with the upper palate, so that the flute sound produces a "breaking sound" effect, such as flower tongue sound, and popping sound.

When not in use, the tongue should be naturally and relaxedly closed in the lower part of the mouth to open the mouth and increase the passage of airflow."

Speaking of this, the senior sister raised her arms, put the flute's blowing hole to her mouth, and then blew the air gently.

The low and melodious sound of the flute slowly rang out, and she signaled Jin Xiao to get closer and observe the changes in her lips and tongue.

Only after Jin Xiao saw it was almost done, she put down the flute.

"Playing a flute itself is not difficult, but to play a beautiful and pleasant flute sound, it requires the correct breathing method and mouth shape. To play the flute's treble, bass, strong and weak sounds, the breathing and mouth shape changes need to be coordinated and consistent.

The first thing we are exposed to during the blowing is the problem of the slow blowing and rapid breathing of each pronunciation hole of the flute and the oral shape of the mouth. When playing the lowest seven basic notes of the flute, the slow blowing method is used to move from the fully pressed tube to the sixth hole, and the speed is slow and stable. When blowing notes that are octave higher than the seven basic notes, the air flow exhaled is rapid and powerful. When blowing notes that are more than two octaves higher than the basic notes, the contraction of the respiratory muscles will be strengthened on the basis of the rapid blowing.

Breath control is an important part of the bamboo flute expressing various emotions. It requires you to change the mouth force, mouth wind, damper and its position forward and backward on the blowing hole to achieve a comprehensive, subtle and skillful cooperation when expressing the content of the music.

Also, when playing the flute, you need to hold the flute with both hands and open the finger hole to make sounds of different heights. Therefore, to make each finger flexible and elastic, lasting, independent movement and cooperation, rigorous training is required.

When playing, your arms and hands should be relaxed, and your fingers should be bent naturally. Use the middle part of the first finger to gently cover the flute hole. When opening the sound hole, do not lift your fingers too high, about one to 1.5 cm away from the finger hole. If your fingers are too high, it will not move quickly, which will affect the speed of the blowing; if your fingers are too low, it will make the pitch lower, the volume will become smaller, and the tone will become dull.

The finger cover must be tight and not leak air, but do not be stiff. When opening and closing the finger hole quickly and pressing the finger hole continuously from top to bottom, you should elastically hit the sound hole. At this time, you can also hear the basic sounds of the finger hole hitting the sound hole with the same pitch as the blowing sound hole when you are not playing the flute.

You can also train the relaxation and hitting movements of the joints of your fingers without holding a flute. The frequency will gradually increase from slower to faster, and the faster you will be more relaxed and elastic. The ring finger is generally the least flexible, and you should strengthen your training. When you don’t use your little finger, you should gently stick to the body of the flute and do not use your little finger to move it to help other fingers. In this way, you can easily and smoothly and easily use it when playing various vibratoes and decorative sounds in the future."

The senior sister said slowly. According to her words, it is indeed not difficult to play the flute.

But it is definitely not simple either.

Jin Xiao is now very comprehension and memory, but when his senior sister teaches her step by step, she still makes a lot of noise.

Either they couldn't blow the sound, or they could blow out a lot of noises. The seniors next to them chuckled when they saw this scene.

They were not laughing at Jin Xiao, but laughing kindly. Even so, Jin Xiao still blushed. Fortunately, his comprehension ability was strong enough and he had learned it well in just one afternoon. Although he could not play the song in full, he could basically play the different scales very accurately. Of course, his current level is at the level of his younger brother, and he still had to study hard for a long time to gradually play the complete music.
Chapter completed!