Chairman Mao, the greatest military strategist, politician and writer in New China, wrote the famous term "Qinyuanchun·Snow" in February 1936. In the lyrics, Chairman Mao listed the five greatest emperors in Chinese history: Qin Emperor Ying Zheng unified the six kingdoms and used the word "Everything in the world" for the first time; Liu Che, Wu of Han, fought back against the Huns and shouted the slogan "If you offend me, you will be punished even if you are far away." Emperor Tang Li Shimin even stepped on the horse and sang the world and dismounted the horse.

The genius who ruled the world, Tian Khan became the proud memory of all Chinese people who claimed to be the Tang people in the future; Genghis Khan, a genius who brought the cavalry tactics to the extreme in the era of human cold weapons. The Mongolian cavalry he created made Eurasia tremble and the world surrender. Perhaps only the ocean and typhoons were its only limit. However, what puzzled later generations was why Song Zu Zhao Kuangyin could occupy one of the five in this poem and become a generation of emperors that Chairman Mao also praised?

I think: When Chairman Mao wrote this poem, he might have thought of the old man who made a wish for the moon 1,010 years ago. Is it strange that the old man was already sixty years old that year. What wish did he make? He is not Diao Chan's sister, so he will not promise our Han Dynasty peace and prosperity, and his adoptive father Wang Yun will live a hundred years of life. He is not Li Longji and Yang Yuhuan's sister, so he will not promise that the world will last forever. So who is this old man? What wish did he make? Well! Our story begins with this old man's wish-

In February of the fourth year of Tongguang in the Later Tang Dynasty (926 AD) (the dates used in this book are all the lunar calendars, and you can refer to Chen Yuan's "Twenty Histories" to calculate the month and day of the Gregorian calendar by yourself), Weizhou mutiny. Li Siyuan, who was sent by Emperor Zhuangzong of Tang to suppress the rebellion, was threatened by rebels. On April 20, he ascended the throne in front of Emperor Zhuangzong's coffin, and changed the reign of Emperor Mingzong on the 28th. However, we have reason to believe that this old man, who is now 60, had no intention of the throne. Because on the night of the day he ascended the throne, he

He burned incense and prayed to heaven, "A certain foreigner has no blessing in the world. When encountering chaos, he is recommended by the public. I wish that the heaven will be a saint as soon as possible and the lord of the people." Legend has it that the Jade Emperor was also inspired by the old emperor's benevolence and ordered the gods in the sky to come down to earth to govern the world for him. On the same night, in the Jiama camp not far from his Luoyang Palace, an old lady named Du claimed that the sun set in that night fell into her belly (hehe! The legend is true or false, this book is only recorded, and I don't want to examine it)

Ten months later, on February 16, 2nd year of Tiancheng (927), Old Mrs. Du gave birth to her second son with her husband Zhao Hongyin. It is said that on the day of birth, the red light surrounded the room and the strange fragrance in the camp continued to fade. So Zhao Hongyin named the child Zhao Kuangyin, but the old couple often called the son "Xiang Haier" intimately.

In 927, this was indeed a chaotic world. Emperor Mingzong of Tang looked north, and Yelu Abaoji, the founder of the Khitan, died of illness on July 27 last year. The middle son Yelu Deguang became the second generation of kings with the support of Empress Dowager Shulu. He was waiting for the filial sons and grandchildren of the Central Plains to open the door to invite thieves. Looking northwest, Li Renfu was also in a big trouble. In order to avoid collusion with the Khitan, he should sooner or later exchange his Xiazhou and An Congjin Yanzhou. Although Wang Jianqian Shu in the southwest was destroyed two years ago, the Xichuan Jieduan sent Meng Zhixiang and Dongchuan Jieduan Dong Zhang did not feel at ease either.

Look, King Gao Jichang of Nanping and King Ma Yin of Chu were temporarily encircled by the Later Tang Dynasty, but how long can such loyalty last? Just like Yang Wu of the southeast, the powerful minister Xu Wen died, his desire to become an emperor may no longer be suppressed? Qian Miao, another giant in the southeast, has occupied that land for 30 years, and has never paid a penny tax to the central government? The Wang brothers are killing each other. Wang Yanjun just killed his brother Yan Han, and took the position of Simin King with blood with both hands. The farthest piece of Nanhan, the emperor is far away, the flying dragon is in the sky, and the arrogant Liu Hun is injured and messing around.

In this way, Li Siyuan was indeed unwilling to be this uneasy emperor. But to be fair, his job as an emperor was not bad. The seven years he became an emperor were a rare well-off year in the chaotic times of the Five Dynasties. Zhao Kuangyin spent his childhood happily and dull. The only thing recorded by later historians during this period was only two things: one was that he rode a fierce horse and used his little head to be harder than the city wall; the other was that he went out to play the game of birds. Just the moment he left the house, a small earthquake knocked down the earthen house where he had rested before. Two times, Xiao Zhao was miraculously unscathed. However, compared to the Han Dynasty Emperor Liu Bang, the boy could only sigh: The great literary tyrants of the Song Dynasty! Your imagination is too poor!

But for Zhao Kuangyin himself and all the officials and civilians of the Song Dynasty in the future, such a childhood may not be a good thing. Think about it: if a child witnessed his relatives die of war, starvation, or even displaced and bullied while growing up. What kind of personality will he develop? Once he is in power, what kind of revenge will he give to others? Think about Zhu Yuanzhang, a peasant son who was suffering and revenge in the future, the people of the Song Dynasty should be glad that there was such a prosperous era of natural growth and prosperity in the chaotic times of the Five Dynasties.

In the blink of an eye, Zhao Kuangyin was 10 years old. At this time, he probably would never have thought that something about to happen would become the biggest trouble in his life and a task that his successors could not handle for generations. Just 1,000 years ago when Mao wrote the famous lyrics of "Qinyuanchun·Snow", Shatuo people called Shi Jingtang decided to sell their souls to the devil for their lives and the throne. He cut off a large area of ​​the great rivers and mountains of China described in the lyrics (Zizhi Tongjian" and "New History of the Five Dynasties": You, Zhuo, Ji, Tan, Shun, Ying, Mo, Wei, Shun, Shun, Yun, Ying, Xin, Gui, Ru, Wu, Huan. Together, it is Youyun 16 Prefectures. "The History and Geography of Liao Dynasty" There is no Yingmo and there is Yingping. 2 Prefectures were actually cut by Liu Rengong, and they were previously belonged to the Khitan. Qian Daxin believed that Liao

After Yingmo, he was recaptured by Chai Rong. Therefore, he used the Yingping to make up the land of 16 states. It was about 600 kilometers east-west and about 200 kilometers north-south. It was equivalent to the area of ​​120,000 square kilometers in Jiangsu Province and Shanghai City) to give it to Yelu Deguang, the then Khitan king, in exchange for his support for his uprising against the Tang and the Jin Dynasty. After his success, Shi Jingtang fully fulfilled his promise. Not only did he cut 16 states to the Khitan in as many cases (Zizhi Tongjian recorded this incident in 936, and the general history of Liao Dynasty was recorded in 938. Perhaps there was a time difference between the promise of cede land and formal cede land), but he also regarded the 45-year-old old emperor of the Central Plains as his father to the Khitan king who was only 35 years old at the time, and became a child emperor who had been infatuated for thousands of years. At the same time, he deeply planted the root of the destruction of the country for Zhao Kuangyin's Song Dynasty.

When Zhao Kuangyin was 16 years old, Emperor Gaozu of Jin, who was selling his country for glory, finally died of depression. The one who succeeded the throne was his nephew Shi Chonggui. The first performance of the emperor from Jin Dynasty made Yelu Deguang laugh and cry. He actually sent an envoy to tell Deguang: In the future, I will still be your grandson in my seniority. But in terms of work, we are equal, and I will never surrender to you! Okay! We don’t care about the title. However, the words of Jing Yanguang, the senior minister of the Later Jin Dynasty brought back by a man named Qiao Rong, made Yelu Deguang furious and decided to tear his face apart with his grandson surnamed Shi, so that he could clearly know that your Shi Jin was established by me and could be abolished by me!

Sure enough, four years later, on the first day of the first lunar month of the 12th year of Tianfu (947), after three repeated tug-of-wars, Yelu Deguang entered Daliang City, the capital of the Later Jin Dynasty with great courage. At this time, General Zhao Hongyin was temporarily unemployed. In the past 20 years, he had experienced three dynasties' replacement. From the original Zhao Wang Rong to becoming a small officer in the imperial guards of Emperor Zhuangzong of Tang. General Zhao had served 7 masters in succession, but he was still one in the imperial guards.

The position of an officer. Even today, the Khitans have visited here, and none of the Zhao family is in any way harmful. Even two years ago, Zhao Hongyin married 19-year-old Zhao Kuangyin and 17-year-old Miss He Jinchan. It's a miracle. Moreover, our old general Zhao will not be unemployed for too long and will return to work soon, and will be a small officer in the imperial guards. This employment resume is really comparable to the living fossils of the Five Generations, and the old man Feng Dao and Feng Xian!

At this time, there was another legend that passed down from later generations: the Khitan army entered Kaifeng City to beat Caogu, and Zhao Hongyin could only avoid chaos. He carried his second son Zhao Kuangyin on one shoulder and his third son Zhao Guangyi on the other side. He met the old god Chen Tuan on the road. Chen Shenxian laughed and said, "Don't say there is no emperor in the world, today the emperor will carry one load." But after careful investigation, he will know that this legend is definitely not true. Emperor Taizong of Song Dynasty Zhao Guangyi was born on October 7, 939, at that time. Taizu Zhao Kuangyin was 12 years older than him and was 21 years old at this time. Can such a shoulder maintain balance? What's more, can such a child sit in a basket?

But any legend has its own background. The fact hidden behind this legend is: In this year, 21-year-old Zhao Kuangyin did run away from home alone. However, "It's good to stay at home for a hundred days, but it's difficult to go out for a day." Most of the military towns in the Later Jin Dynasty had already joined the Khitan. Yelu Deguang ascended the Central Plains throne on the first day of the second month, and changed his motherland to Liao and renamed Datong. He was preparing to realize the Datong of the Han, Shatuo, Khitan and other ethnic groups in the traditional way of tearing grass valleys of the Khitan nation. Where can he go? Looking at it, it is estimated that only Liu Zhiyuan, the governor of Hedong in Taiyuan, is determined and capable, dare to say no to Yelu Deguang! Okay! Go northwest, go to Taiyuan!

However, when he just arrived at his birthplace Luoyang, he heard a news: Liu Zhiyuan had ascended the throne on February 15, and raised his troops south, officially raising the banner of resisting Liao independence. The young Zhao Kuangyin did not catch up with this exciting scene. He felt extremely disappointed and could only continue to go west and continue his journey of throne training.

On March 17, Yelu Deguang gave up the chaos of Central Plains and set off from Daliang City to return north, leaving his brother-in-law Xiao Han as the governor of Xuanwu Army and stayed in Bianzhou. However, Yelu Deguang did not expect that his trip to the Central Plains would be a one-way trip without returning. On April 21, he was killing Hu Lin and died. Perhaps what he did not expect was that his body after his death became a unique legend in Chinese history. In order to prevent his body from rotting in early summer, the Han people came up with the idea, the Khitans performed surgery, opened their stomachs, stuffed several buckets of salt into his belly, and made a mummy mummy, and drove it northward. The Jin people called it "Emperor". Of course, Yelu Deguang did not expect one thing: when his mother, Empress Shulu saw the mummy made by her son, she not only did not cry, but also said

A harsh saying, "When all tribes are still the same, you will be buried." After refusing this harsh saying, the tradition of the Khitan tribe was staged again: every emperor in the Liao Kingdom would be rebelled by his relatives when ascending the throne, and he ascended the throne in bloody massacre. This time, the protagonist of one side was Empress Dowager Shulu and her youngest son Yelu Lihu, and the protagonist of the other side was Yelu Ruan, the son of Yelu Bei, the loser of the previous scene. Just when both sides were at a strife and were about to break the death, a master named Yelu Wuzhi stood up. Under his mediation, a war was eliminated. Li Hu temporarily gave up his ambition to the throne. Empress Dowager Shulu was imprisoned next to the tomb of her husband Yelu Abaoji. Yelu Ruan successfully ascended the throne to become Emperor Shizong of Liao. Yelu Wuzhi received the highest reward from his ministers - the official worship of Yu Yue.

Come back and see the chaos in the Central Plains. On May 12, Liu Zhiyuan set out from Taiyuan and ordered his younger brother Liu Chong to stay in Taiyuan. The army was pacified. Xiao Han sent Gao Mohan to take Li Congyi, the fourth son of Emperor Mingzong of Tang, from Luoyang and worship him as the emperor. He also returned north on the 18th. Whatever you want, I don’t care! When Li Congyi saw that the Khitans no longer supported him, he knew that he could not take the emperor as well, so he immediately demoted himself to be the King of Liang Zhizhi, and he was welcomed by Liu Zhiyuan. On June 11, Liu Zhiyuan entered Daliang City, and the Later Jin vassal states surrendered one after another. The Later Han Dynasty officially opened business!

All of this was still not fully understood by the 21-year-old Zhao Kuangyin. At this time, the important thing was to get a place to settle down and meet a Bo Le who appreciated him. However, at this time, he still had no food and clothing and could only continue to wander westwards. On this day, he came to the foot of Mount Hua. So the famous legend of Zhao Taizu losing to Mount Hua was out of the cage. According to legend, there was a noble man living in seclusion on Mount Hua, named Chen, named Tuan Xiyi, and had played three games in a row with Zhao Kuangyin. As a result, Zhao Kuangyin lost all three games and had no way to repay the debt, so he had to write down the document selling a landmark on Mount Hua to Chen Tuan.

In addition to the above legend, there is also a legend that Zhao Taizu sent Jingniang for thousands of miles. This incident was first seen in "Three Words" compiled by Feng Menglong, a Ming Dynasty man. The legend cannot be distinguished for the time being, but the next route of Zhao Kuangyin's wandering was indeed changed from traveling west to going south. Perhaps he went south to send his graceful and graceful sister Zhao Jingniang.

After heading south, Zhao Kuangyin's first stop was Suizhou. Dong Zongben, the governor of Suizhou, was pretty good to him, but his son Dong Zunhui was very contemptuous and made things difficult for all his difficulties. I think Song Taizu was also a hero of his generation, how could he bear this pampering atmosphere? So he had to leave Suizhou to Fuzhou, join his father's former subordinates and colleagues, and the current governor of Fuzhou Wang Yanchao. Wang Yanchao generously invited Zhao Kuangyin to have a meal, and finally brought a dish, which was not served in it, but ten taels of silver. Looking at Wang Yanchao's sinister smile, Zhao Kuangyin understood. He did not take the 10 taels of silver and left Fuzhou without looking back.

During his wandering period, Zhao Kuangyin left behind the only half poem he passed down from then on: the sun first appeared, and thousands of mountains and mountains were like fire. In an instant, he went up to the streets of heaven, and removed the stars and the waning moon ("Ode to the Sun"); before he left the sea, he had reached the sky and the brightness of the thousands of mountains under the sea ("Ode to the Moon"). From the poem, it is not difficult to see that this future Song Taizu reorganized the rivers and mountains and recreated the great spirit of the sun and the moon. However, how should he take this first step now? Legend has it that he finally opened with the guidance of an old monk in Xiangyang.

He began his own way of taking off. The 16-word verse of the old monk left Zhao Kuangyin with 16 words, "Meet Guo Naian, and it will be revealed in the Zhou Dynasty. Two days of regaining light, the sacred wood responded to the prophecy, and he also advised him not to go south but to go north, and gave him a large amount of gold and silver and a donkey. However, how could there be a donkey in the monk's temple? A bald donkey is a despicable name for monks. Only Taoist priests can ride donkeys, but have never seen a monk ride a donkey? So I think the person who gave Zhao Kuangyin the important starting point of his life should be a Taoist priest, and it is very likely Chen Tuan!

Zhao Kuangyin went north to Guide Mansion in Songzhou. He was exhausted and entered a Gaoxin Temple to divine his fate. So he went from school to slaughter, from level to level, up to the Jiedushi, and always showed inauspicious signs. Zhao Kuangyin, who was almost depressed, threw it hard and shouted loudly, "Can I be the emperor?" Finally, he was surprised to find: great luck!

In March of the first year of Qianyou (948), Liu Zhiyuan had already passed away after being emperor for one year. He left Su Fengji, Shi Hongzhao, Yang Bin and Guo Wei as important officials to his son Liu Chengyou, Emperor Yin of Han. At the same time, Wang Jingchong, the governor of Fengxiang, Zhao Siwan, the governor of Yongxing, and Li Shouzhen, the governor of Hezhong, rebelled together. The Privy Councilor Guo Wei recruited troops in Yedu to fight the rebellion. At this time, Zhao Kuangyin happened to go north to Yedu and saw the Guo army flag fluttering in the wind. Chen Tuan's first sentence "Meet Guo Naian" echoed in Zhao Kuangyin's mind. So an unprecedented scene in Chinese history appeared: the two founding emperors met when they were not emperors, and Song Taizu's life also took off since then...
Chapter completed!