There are five main summary of the Army in East China:

1. Although the Far East War was attacked on two battlefields, sea and land, and the two battlefields were equally important, the land war was determined by the direction and final outcome of the war. This was because the three parties participating in the war, Russia, East China, and Japan, were both mainland countries, and only Japan was a maritime country, and the focus of the three parties was on China's three eastern provinces. Only by occupying these places can it be considered victory.

Although the end of the Far East War was that the Navy of East China wiped out the Expeditionary Fleet in the Battle of the Taiwan Strait, this was due to the intervention of Britain, the maritime country, and on the land battlefield, the overall situation was decided at that time. Even if the Expeditionary Fleet won, the two Japanese and Russian countries could only guarantee a decent end to the war without compensation, but it was impossible to turn the tables. The defeat of the Expeditionary Fleet means that the two Japanese and Russian countries lost their last life-saving straw and naturally had to admit defeat. Therefore, as the dominant war of the war, the role of the navy is to assist the army, which is of great enlightenment to the East China countries.

East China ** landed on China from sea to land. In addition, Shandong Province, the first territory on land, was a standard peninsula terrain. Therefore, it has always attached great importance to the construction of the navy. Before the Far East War, the status of the army was lower than that of the navy. However, China is a typical composite country with a vast territory and a long coastline. The navy and army must pay attention to development at the same time and must not focus on one side. Moreover, at this stage, the main strategic goal of East China ** is to overthrow the Qing court and occupy the whole country, so the army is more important.

2. Wartime system. Among the three parties involved in the war, East China was the weakest overall national strength. Even when Japan and Russia were exhausted, they only came to participate in the war. However, after all, they were one against two, and the national strength could not be matched with Japan and Russia. However, East China announced the implementation of the wartime system at the beginning of the war, and implemented a system of allocation for major war resources. Domestic production activities were also given priority to supporting war, which greatly saved social resources, reduced consumption, supported war, and ensured the supply of war materials.

3. Trench defense. In this war, in the early Russo-Japanese War, it showed a clear war pattern of attacking weak and defending strong. Although Japan, which was on the attacking side, won most of the local wars, the casualties of the army were not less than the defeated Russian army, and even more casualties of the winning side were found than the defeated side.

The most typical battle was the Battle of Lushun. The Russian army had a defensive position of 44,000 troops, relying on fortresses, trenches, barbed wire, machine guns and artillery to resist the attack of a total of 130,000 Japanese troops for more than five months, and caused a total of 56,000 casualties to the Japanese army. The Russian army had only 15,000 casualties. This battle also showed that it would be a very arduous battle to break through the perfect defensive positions and fortifications that had been arranged. Not only would it take more than the enemy's troops, but even if they were finally victorious, they would definitely suffer major casualties.

Although the East China ** participated in the war, it mainly attacked, but in many local wars, it also fought defensive battles, which represented the Second Battle of Yalu River. The People's Army used three divisions and two regiments to successfully defended the northern bank of the Yalu River with its trench-based fortifications, blocked the attack of more than 10 Japanese divisions, causing major casualties to Japan, and ultimately defeated the momentum of the Japanese army's attempt to counterattack and return to the Chinese battlefield. In addition, the People's Army also carried out defensive battles after landing in Japan.

4. Heavy artillery firepower is Guan Jian, which breaks the defense of trenches, and offensive firepower is an important factor in breaking through the defense of trenches. Although the offensive and defensive battle between the two sides was extremely fierce in the Russo-Japanese War, East China ** did not seem to encounter much resistance after joining the war. The battle attacked by the People's Army did not have a large number of casualties like the Japanese army. In addition to the correct tactics of the People's Army and the blind attack of casualties like the Japanese army, the main reason is that the People's Army has heavy artillery firepower, which is also the location of Guan Jian, which breaks the defense of trenches.

Japan was able to win the Lushun Battle. The Guanjian point was to capture the 203 Highland outside the Lushun City and mounted the 280mm caliber giant cannon transported from China on the 203 Highland to bombard the Lushun City, which then blasted the Lushun City. However, although the 280mm siege gun was large in diameter, the diameter was only 12, so the range was less than 10 kilometers, and the accuracy was not high. Only by placing it on the high ground, bombarding not only had the advantage of being condescending, but also calibrating the shooting accuracy, so it captured Lushun in one fell swoop. However, the 280mm siege cannon was too heavy and it was extremely difficult to carry it. It was difficult for the Japanese army to transport this cannon to various battlefields at all times.

Before joining the war, East China ** successfully developed armored trains, using trains as carriers and railway maneuvers to successfully move the navy's large-caliber naval guns to land for use. Although not all battlefields are near railway lines, the speed of building temporary railways is much faster than that of people pulling horses. Armored trains are not only more likely to be fired, but also have a longer range. Among them, the 280mm caliber train cannon fire at a 40-degree elevation angle, and the range can reach more than 30 kilometers, which is much greater than Japan's 280mm siege guns. Moreover, armored trains can not only carry naval large-caliber naval guns, but medium-caliber naval guns can also be carried ashore for use. Therefore, an armored train is equivalent to a mobile artillery. East China ** relies on the powerful firepower of armored trains to break through the enemy's positions.

In fact, in the Far East War, the People's Army's 200mm vehicle-mounted self-propelled artillery, even 155mm towing artillery, played a larger role in armored trains, because the movement ability and movement speed of self-propelled artillery are stronger than that of armored trains, so they can arrive at the battlefield in time to quickly arrange and launch strikes. However, in terms of attacking the defensive positions arranged by the enemy, 280mm caliber train cannons are more effective. The power of Bihao 280mm shells is several times stronger than that of 200mm shells. Moreover, self-propelled artillery and towing artillery rely on modern vehicles as carriers. It is a secret that cannot be announced and can only be counted on the body of the armored train.

Of course, to break through the trench defense, it is not enough to rely solely on heavy artillery fire. After all, although heavy artillery fire is strong, it is impossible to destroy all defenses and it is more likely to occupy the formation. Therefore, in the end, the army still needs to launch an attack to completely resolve the battle. This requires the attacking troops to be equipped with strong firepower.

Although artillery has a history of hundreds of years, due to the heavy artillery and extremely inconvenient movement, it can only be used as fixed firepower in war and cannot operate with the offensive forces. Therefore, in this era, the only firepower can be equipped with rifles. The M1897 75mm artillery produced by France was to solve the problem of accompanying the offensive forces. However, despite the efforts of the French engineers to reduce the total weight of this artillery to 1.5 tons, they still need to be served by 2 or 30 people. The uneven ground on the battlefield also brought considerable difficulties to the movement of this artillery; the movement ability of the armored train is very strong, but it must be based on the railway line.

Only the mortar developed by East China **, which is a large-caliber mortar, can perfectly solve the problem of insufficient firepower in the offensive. The total weight of a 100mm mortar does not exceed 100 kilograms and can be divided into 4 parts. The heaviest barrel is only about 60 kilograms, and the assembly time on the battlefield does not exceed 30 minutes. It can be operated with the troops and provided firepower support. In addition, the large curve ballistic of the mortar also has a considerable lethality to the trench. Therefore, if you want to break through the enemy's trench defense, you must insist on heavy artillery fire and strengthen firepower in the offensive, which is also the key training subject for the army in the future.

In fact, if you really want to break through the defense of trenches, the best weapon is armored vehicles, and with the current technical level, it can also be completely manufactured armored vehicles of the level of World War I in the old time and space. However, armored vehicles are a revolutionary weapon that completely changes the tactics of the army. Its subversive effect is even more than that of the USS Fearless battleship to the navy. Therefore, the East China ** also listed armored vehicles as the highest secret and cannot be circulated outside the country.

5. The aerial reconnaissance and guiding artillery shooting of fixed-wing aircraft. The maximum range of the 280mm caliber train cannon exceeds 30 kilometers, which far exceeds the visual distance of a human. Even if it can be seen by optical instruments, it is difficult to calculate the accurate distance. At this time, the function of the fixed-wing aircraft is displayed. Since it is in the air, it can be observed close to the location of the artillery shooting and accurately positioned to provide correction parameters for artillery shooting.

In addition, fixed-wing aircraft can also play an important role in reconnaissance. Aerial reconnaissance is not restricted by geography and terrain, and there is no need to worry about being attacked by enemy scouts or guards. It can even directly approach the enemy's positions to reconnaissance, which is much more efficient than ground reconnaissance. Of course, aerial reconnaissance cannot completely replace ground reconnaissance. After all, the distance in the air is too far, and it is difficult to see the details clearly. Moreover, aerial reconnaissance cannot be fixed-point reconnaissance for a long time. Therefore, aerial reconnaissance and ground reconnaissance should be complementary. However, in future wars, the party with aerial reconnaissance will undoubtedly have more powerful reconnaissance capabilities.
Chapter completed!