The standard for testing truth is social practice, and theory and practice are unified, and any theory must be constantly tested by practice.

This view comes from dialectical materialist philosophy, that is, Marxist philosophy. Marx's view comes from Hegel's dialectics, which originated in ancient Greek philosophy.

Dialectics is the method of unifying thought and empiricality.

Therefore, this is not the original creation of Marx, but the philosophical viewpoint that has existed since ancient times. Marx explained it in detail.

"A novel may have essence and dross, which requires you to practice and verify it yourself, rather than hearsay." Lin Zixuan emphasized, "Taking "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" as an example, what is the idea that this novel wants to express?"

He turned around, picked up the chalk, and wrote eight words on the blackboard, "The greatest hero is to serve the country and the people."

"This is the idea that "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" wants to express." He said seriously, "The knights here are no longer walking around the world and doing chivalrous justice, but fighting for the country, the nation, and the people. Can you say this is the dross?"

The students below were talking.

They are quite repulsive of old literature, or entertainment-type literature, but they are not that they have never read such books.

"The Legend of the Condor Heroes" has been serialized in the newspaper for nearly a year. Even if people living in Shanghai have never read the newspaper, they have heard stories in teahouses. It can be said that this story has become popular all over Shanghai.

Then the question is, if, according to the Literary Research Association, "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" belongs to old literature and is a dreg that should be discarded.

"Sir, is "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" a new literature?" A student asked with a little hesitation.

"This is not defined by me, but requires you to verify it through practice." Lin Zixuan encouraged, "As long as you hold an attitude of not being superstitious or blindly following, and have your own thoughts and opinions, you can distinguish the essence and the dross."

Lin Zixuan knew that he could not admit that "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" belonged to a new literature, which was undoubtedly challenging the entire new literature group, especially at this moment when the new literature and the old literature were fighting fiercely.

So, he wisely kicked this question to the students, and you must learn to think about it yourself.

Of course, he also knew that the content of today's lecture would definitely cause debate within the new literature, but the three views he put forward were all verified by history and could withstand the test of time.

The first is that new literature needs a hundred flowers to bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend.

The second is to absorb the essence and eliminate the dross.

The third is that practice is the only criterion for testing truth.

Whoever dares to oppose these three points now will probably suffer when you come up with old accounts in the future.

"Finally, I have two words to encourage you. Chinese intellectuals should have the 'independent thoughts and free spirit' so that they can become the backbone of the Chinese cultural circle." Lin Zixuan concluded.

These two sentences were first proposed by Mr. Chen Yinge in 1929 in the inscription of the King Guowei monument he wrote, and became the academic spirit and value orientation pursued by Chinese intellectuals.

After hearing the character Shao Li, the vice president behind the auditorium, he felt that these two sentences were very good and could be used as the motto of Shanghai University.

Cai Yuanqi of Peking University proposed "compatibility and freedom of thought" as the motto, so this sentence "independent thoughts and free spirit" is no worse than the motto of Peking University.
Chapter completed!